Dangling modifiers
A present participle is ‘dangling’ when the subject of the -ing verb and the subject of the sentence do not agree.
Running to catch the bus, Betty’s umbrella blew inside out.
The subject is Betty’s umbrella, but it isn’t doing the running.
I think dangling participles are often okay, but sometimes they can cause confusion or sound clumsy. For example, in the sentence below, a car can’t change its own oil. Compare:
Changing the oil every 3,000 kilometres, the car seemed to run better.
Ivan found the car ran better if he changed the oil every 3,000 kilometres.
More grammar tips, grammar e-book and e-newsletter
If you found this tip useful, you might like to read more grammar tips, sign up for the e-newsletter and buy
Other grammar tips include:
me, myself, I am
prepositions - in and at
who and that

Grammar
Style guide 