Acronyms and initialisms
Most people use the term acronym to apply to both acronyms and initialisms, but there is a difference. An acronym is an abbreviation of initial letters that forms a new word, such as PACKO, which stands for purpose, audience, context, key messages and outcome. An initialism is an abbreviation of initial letters that does not form a new word, for example, AFL.
In some cases, such as ADSL, spelling out the name (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) doesn't add much to the meaning and you're best to provide a brief description instead — ADSL (high-speed internet).
The accepted convention with an initialism is to spell it out in the first instance and put the abbreviation in brackets.
Meat & Livestock Australia (MLA)
Too many initialisms in a document is confusing so consider whether you really need to use them or whether it's best to spell out your terms throughout your document.
Some acronyms become part of the language
Some acronyms, such as Anzac and scuba have become so widely known that they are seldom explained or spelt out, in fact, most people don't even know what they stand for 'Australian and New Zealand Army Corps' and 'self-contained underwater breathing apparatus'.
The problem arises on where to draw the line. I think people too often assume you know their shortcuts, such as UI (User Interface) and apps (applications) when you don't.
If you're in doubt about your terms, ask someone outside your industry or spell them out — noone is going to offended if you spell out or explain your terms.
You can acronym test your document at http://www.acronyms-master.com. The site offers a free trial.
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