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Author Archive for frances

Writing style tip: how to write about money

Posted on May 15, 2012 by frances

In business writing, currency is usually expressed in symbols and figures ($10).

When writing about different currencies that use the dollar, your style choices are a:

  • Letter or letters symbolising the country, followed by the $ sign (This is the style recommended by the Reserve Bank of Australia.)

A$10, US$10

  • Three-letter country code specified in ISO 4217:1995

AUD10

  • $ sign followed by the country symbol

$A10

Millions

When writing about millions and billions, many writers use the full word in the text and either m or M and bn in tables and brackets.

10 million (10m) or 10 million (10M)
10 billion (10bn)

Most organisations use a space before million but not before m or M.

$96 million
$96m

M or m?

Under ISO 1000:1992/Amd 1:1998, which Australia and New Zealand adhere to, millions should be represented by M. However, according to the Australian Government’s style manual (2002), m is preferable to M as long as the context is clear.

monies or moneys?

In everyday usage, most people don’t pluralise money, but in tax and accounting material, it can be made plural for individual sums of moneys/monies and either moneys or monies is acceptable. Just be consistent. The Australian Taxation Office website uses both words interchangeably.

You can’t reclaim moneys/monies already invested.

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Writing style tip: how to use different types of brackets

Posted on May 1, 2012 by frances

There are three types of brackets:

  • round brackets ( ), often called parentheses
  • square brackets [ ]
  • angle brackets < >

Round brackets (parentheses)

Use round brackets to add extra information to a sentence. You can use em rules or commas instead of brackets.

We plan to hold a writing seminar (originally scheduled for last year) in July.
We plan to hold a writing seminar—originally scheduled for last year—in July.
We plan to hold a writing seminar, which was originally scheduled for last year, in July.

Round brackets and punctuation

If the words inside the brackets aren’t a complete sentence, the full stop or question mark that ends the sentence goes after the brackets.

We’re coming on Friday (31 May).

If the words inside the brackets are a complete sentence, the full stop or question mark that ends the sentence goes inside the brackets.

We decided to hold the meeting on Monday. (The secretary couldn’t come any other day.)

Square brackets

Use square brackets to indicate that you have added words or comments that weren’t in the original material.

‘I appreciate it [the nomination], but cannot accept.’

Angle brackets

Angle brackets are often used to enclose email or web addresses.

Email the coordinator <coordinator@xx.com> who will collate all the queries.

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Writing style tip: how to use legal and government terms

Posted on April 24, 2012 by frances

Use initial capitals for Government, Federal and Commonwealth when referring to a specific entity. Commonwealth always has an initial capital, but government and federal take lower case for generic uses.

The Australian Government agreed to the new plan.
The government policy remains the same.
Defence is a Commonwealth responsibility.
The Federal Court sentenced the judge.
It is a federal government initiative.

States and territories

Use initial capitals for official titles and lower case for generic or plural references.

The New South Wales Government passed the legislation in December.
The states and territories are responsible for implementing the new procedures.

Acts, Ordinances and legal cases

Full titles of Acts, Ordinances and legal cases always take initial capitals.

First references to an Act or Ordinance should always give the title in full (including the date), and be written in italics.

Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act 1974

Subsequent references to an Act or Ordinance can be in plain text with the date omitted.

Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act

Legal cases are always in italics with initial capitals. The year, if relevant, is placed in brackets in roman type.

Smith v. Brown (1999)

As Australia has Commonwealth and state legislation, sometimes an abbreviation is put in brackets in plain text after the title.

Copyright Act 1968 (Cwlth)

Bills

Bills before Parliament are in roman type, not italics, as they are ‘unpublished’.

Book Bounty Bill 1969

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To learn more about grammar, register for one of Mary’s online grammar programs.

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